Growth and Energy Budget Models of the Bivalve Arctica Islandica at Six Different Sites in the Northeast Atlantic Realm

نویسندگان

  • SALMA BEGUM
  • LARISA BASOVA
  • OLAF HEILMAYER
  • EVA E. R. PHILIPP
  • DORIS ABELE
  • THOMAS BREY
چکیده

We compared lifetime and population energy budgets of the extraordinary long-lived ocean quahog Arctica islandica from 6 different sites—the Norwegian coast, Kattegat, Kiel Bay, White Sea, German Bight, and off northeast Iceland—covering a temperature and salinity gradient of 4–10 C (annualmean) and 25–34, respectively. Based on vonBertalanffy growth models and size–mass relationships, we computed organic matter production of body (PSB) and of shell (PSS), whereas gonad production (PG) was estimated from the seasonal cycle in mass. Respiration (R) was computed by a model driven by body mass, temperature, and site.A. islandica populations differed distinctly inmaximum life span (40 y inKiel Bay to 197 y in Iceland), but less in growth performance (f# ranged from 2.41 in theWhite Sea to 2.65 in Kattegat). Individual lifetime energy throughput, as approximated by assimilation, was highest in Iceland (43,730 kJ) and lowest in the White Sea (313 kJ). Net growth efficiency ranged between 0.251 and 0.348, whereas lifetime energy investment distinctly shifted from somatic to gonad production with increasing life span;PS/PG decreased from 0.362 (Kiel Bay, 40 y) to 0.031 (Iceland, 197 y). Population annual energy budgets were derived from individual budgets and estimates of population mortality rate (0.035/y in Iceland to 0.173/y in Kiel Bay). Relationships between budget ratios were similar on the population level, albeit with more emphasis on somatic production; PS/ PG ranged from 0.196 (Iceland) to 2.728 (White Sea), andP/B ranged from 0.203–0.285/y. Life span is the principal determinant of the relationship between budget parameters, whereas temperature affects net growth efficiency only. In theWhite Sea population, both growth performance and net growth efficiency ofA. islandicawere lowest. We presume that low temperature combined with low salinity represent a particularly stressful environment for this species.

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تاریخ انتشار 2010